如何缩短职业移民排期
(关于Priority date carry-over)

从第三优先(EB-3)转第二优先(EB-2)的好处,当然是EB-2排期短。如果可以把当年申请EB-3的优先日期用于新的EB-2申请,那排期时间就可以大大缩短。

这个用来算排期的日期,移民局称之为优先日期,即Priority Date,一般来说,是指劳工部收到劳工证申请,或是移民局收到I-140申请的日期。

所以,如果通过PERM提出I-140申请,优先日期是递交PERM劳工证的那一天;如果通过EB1或NIW提出I-140申请,优先日期是移民局收到I-140申请的那一天。

也就是说,优先日期是通过I-140的批准而被确定下来的。I-140的批准书也会标明优先日期。根据移民法,申请人以后通过同一雇主或通过其他雇主递交职业移民的申请,可继续使用该优先日期。

保留优先日期的方法最常用在EB-3转EB-2的申请上。举实例说明,李先生2004年通过A公司申请了EB3的劳工证,之后其I-140也获得了批准。由于EB-3有漫长的排期,李先生无法递交I-485调整身份。2006年8月份李先生跳槽到B公司,新的职位完全符合EB-2的申请,B公司为A先生申请了EB-2的PERM劳工证,并在其后的I-140申请中,要求移民局在批准I-140申请的同时,确认该I-140沿用李先生EB-3的2004年的优先日期。之后,李先生EB-2的I-140已经获得批准并同时确认了EB-3的2004年优先日期。由于EB-2的排期已经是2005年,李先生一家立刻递交了I-485调整身份。

值得注意的一点是,已批准的I-140如果被雇主“revoke,或是公司倒闭,那么I-140确认过的优先日期也就同时作废,也就是说,以后的职业移民申请不能再使用该优先日期。

以下是William R. Yates, Associate Director of Operations for USCIS 关于Priority date carry-over问题的解释,以及对于8 C.F.R. §204.5(e)关于Priority date carry-over 的解读,有兴趣的读者可以读读看。

“Generally, for an employment-based visa petition supported by a labor certification issued by the Department of Labor, the priority date is the earliest date that the labor certification application was filed. Once the alien’s I-140 application is approved, the alien beneficiary retains the priority date determined by the original Department of Labor filing, even for any future I-140 petitions, such as in the case of a new employer. Please keep in mind, however, that the new employer must obtain a new labor certification if required.

“8 C.F.R. §204.5(e) allows for priority date retention under the EB-1, 2, and 3 categories for whom a subsequent employment-based petition is filed, provided that the prior petition was not revoked or denied. Thus an alien is accorded the priority date of the initial approved petition for any subsequently filed petition for any classification under the EB-1, 2 or 3 categories. In the event that the alien is the beneficiary of multiple petitions under the EB-1, 2 or 3 categories, he or she shall be entitled to the earliest priority date. If the prior petition was denied or revoked for any reason, the alien will not be able to benefit from this regulation.”