WHY
HASN’T THE FEDERAL SPENDING TRIGGER INFLATION?
According to the economic theories, when the
government expands the spending, hot money will flood the Main Street,
triggering more money chasing after relatively fewer products and
services. The result was inflation. Now, the Obama government is
waging unprecedented spending. The national debt has topped $13
trillion, which is 90.3% of GDP and $117,975 per taxpayer. However,
there is no inflation. Why?
This is an interesting question, posted to me by a client. The answer
is of critical importance to everyone as inflation impacts everything.
For instance, if one can accurately predict the inflation, he could
buy real-estate prior to its hitting, as inflation will become the
most effective discount of the price that he pays. That is why
inflation is known as borrowers stealing from savers, a bias that
hurts the economy.
There are two ways that Obama gets the money to spend. First, he can
borrow money from the market, i.e., bank, the Chinese government,
private investors, etc., by issuing debt. Second, when nobody wants to
lend to Obama, he can essentially print more money and keep on
spending. The cost of first type of deficit spending is strangling
private enterprises (because private enterprises will always lose in
the competition as the government can always bit up the interest rate
until it wins). The cost of the second type of deficit spending is
inflation. Incidentally, the foreign entity’s purchase of the U.S.
debt also has the inflationary effect.
Now, the heavy government borrowing coincides with the enormous
tightening of the lending by the financial institutions after a
financial crisis as they face an unpredictable financial reform bill.
In other words, for now, the government spending is compensated by the
financial institute’s tightening to the private enterprises,
especially small business. The net effect is that, instead of the
small business uses the money to create jobs, the government is using
the same money to support its spending. The difference on Main Street
is that people, when living on government benefit, are losing the
skills that they have been relied upon to earn a good living. Obama’s
bet is to build up people’s reliance on government welfare so he and
the Democratic Party would build a stronger voting basis by creating a
stratum of poor people.
A few weeks ago, Fed reported that the credit card lending standard
continue to tighten after so many years. That makes the 11th quarter
of continuous tightening. Over the past three months, 29% of banks
reduced credit card limits, 27% raised interest rates, and 12% raised
the minimum credit scores required for a credit card. Many truly small
companies, such as small construction companies, heavily rely on their
credit cards, typically with credit limit of $20,000, to run their
business. They buy their materials on the credit cards and pay their
workers and credit card company when they are paid. Now, people with
that business model must figure out another way of doing business.
Driving them out of market will force people to hire bigger, more
unionized and more expensive companies. That is precisely another
objective of Obama.
That is part of the reason that the current recovery is so much weaker
than the normal recovery in history. Business, seeing opportunities,
cannot undertake those opportunities because the finance is not there.
Let’s come back to the topic of deficit. The current government
spending is unsustainable. The U.S. government debt as a percentage of
GDP increased phenomenally under Obama. The administration’s hands
will be forced to increase the middle class tax (because “soaking the
rich” would not actually increase the government revenue). Since
direct increase of income tax to the middle class is politically
impossible. Some form of hidden tax, such as VAT (value-added tax,
which is buried in the price of all products), is inevitable. The net
effect of that is to take the money away from the middle class and pay
for government bureaucracy, an undertaking that is not far better from
simply borrow the money from the market.
Government is a monster. Once it gets money, it will build up vested
interests, which will use the government, i.e., tax-payers, money to
protect its interests. It is next to impossible for the unorganized
“people” to defeat the concentrated and determined vested interests.
That is the reason that the most basic educational reform is so
difficult. That is also the reason that Fanny and Freddie become such
monsters and still gobbling billions of dollars of the taxpayer’s
money each month with no end in sight, as they pour some of those
billions back to politicians to force their hands.
The critical moment is the people’s ability to vote in a government
that will limit the spending and allow the banks to lend to
individuals and businesses, rather than competing against the small
business for the same money. There are enough laws on the book, e.g.,
the anti-monopoly law and the insurance law, for the government to
break up the too-big-to-fail institutes, even when such
too-big-to-fail is produced by CDS, conducted by AIG. Now, politicians
are using the people’s frustration to build into the law, more ways
for them to get the political donations from vested interests.
Before the high inflation hits an economy, typically there is a period
of stagnation, where the investors’ confidence is low and the money is
tight. With tight money, there would be no inflation. However, the
mechanism of that is like a dam. Once the water burst out, nothing can
stop it. That is the problem today. Greenspan used to make his
influence behind the close doors to stop things from getting out of
hand. Since Bernake took over, we have seen all kinds of problems in
the financial system. All of them can be stopped by some phone calls.
The current path is obviously sustainable (just like a few years ago
when the banks trying to loan money out regardless of the borrowers’
ability to pay, while few people seems to ask questions). If the
government, including the White House, Congress, and the Federal
Reserve, cannot make the change early next year, Greece today would be
our tomorrow.
The breakout “moment” depends the moment that the water breaks out of
the dam. That is always an impossible event to predict. However, the
fact that breakout is going to take place, if we continue this path,
is inevitable. |